Although there are no clear signs of tracheal tumors, there are several types of malignant or benign growths that can affect the trachea. The most common benign tumors affect children. These cauliflower-like growths are known as papillomas, and if left untreated, they may transform into squamous cell carcinoma. Another type of malignant tumor affects the trachea and larynx. Chondromas, a rare form of tracheal tumor, are usually found in middle-aged men, and involve an abnormal build-up of blood vessels in the trachea.
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While it is unlikely that your tracheal cancer is malignant, it can lead to a wide range of symptoms, including difficulty breathing. Fortunately, there are several treatments for tracheal cancer. The first, known as radiotherapy, is a treatment that kills the cancer cells. This treatment is best suited for early stages of cancer, when symptoms are still localized. Once the cancer has spread, radiotherapy may be used to relieve the pain and discomfort that accompany this disease.
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A tracheobronchial tumor usually presents as a polypoid or focal sessile lesion that narrows the airway lumen, or as a circumferential wall thickening. This type of tumor typically has irregular margins and may invade the mediastinum through direct extension or lymphatic spread. It is characterized by high uptake of FDG on CT and PET scans.
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Diagnosing the tumor requires an accurate diagnosis. A biopsy will confirm the presence of cancer in about 50% of cases. The tumor may be malignant or benign, but biopsy is often not able to identify the exact location of the growth. It is best to seek treatment from a pulmonary pathologist if it grows to a size that would require surgery. The treatment for a tracheobronchial tumor varies depending on the type of tumor.
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Among the most common tracheal tumor symptoms are dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis, stridor, and dyspnea. Other symptoms are similar to those of asthma or chronic bronchitis, and may be confused with symptoms of these diseases. If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your doctor immediately. This cancer has a good prognosis.
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A doctor may recommend surgery in order to remove the tumor. A doctor may use a laser to destroy cancer cells, or they may administer a light-sensitive drug in order to kill tumors. Laser therapy can also be an option for children with tracheobronchial tumors. However, this type of treatment may have serious side effects. If you are unsure of which treatment will be best for you, consider a clinical trial.
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Primary tracheobronchial tumors are not common, but if you have them, they may cause difficulty breathing or causing discomfort. Malignant tracheal tumors are typically localized and confined to a small part of the trachea. There are two types of primary tracheal tumors: squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. The latter is more common and causes more symptoms, but it is less common.
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In addition to surgery, chemotherapy can be used to cure the tumor. It is often used in combination with radiation if surgery cannot remove the tumor. In addition to surgery, a specialized procedure known as endotracheal debridement removes tissue biopsies from the trachea. Electrocoagulation is another treatment option for tracheobronchial tumors.
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Secondary Malignant Tumors: While tracheobronchial tumors are rare, a cancer of the trachea can occur from other parts of the body. The most common source is the esophagus. Secondary malignant tumors may occur from other parts of the body, including lung and thyroid tissue. Most primary malignant tumors arise from mesenchymal tissue.
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In larger tumors, bronchoscopic surgery may be necessary. A lighted tube called a bronchoscope is inserted into the trachea, where specialized instruments are inserted. The stent pushes the airway open while eliminating any blockages. In many cases, the stent remains in place permanently, but the patient may require another procedure in the future.
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Advanced tracheal cancer patients may have difficulty swallowing and hoarseness. These symptoms may be due to metastatic disease, when cancer has spread beyond the lungs to the trachea. The most common type of tracheal tumor is squamous cell carcinoma, which can penetrate the airway wall and cause ulcers and bleeding. Men are more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma than women.
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