Astrocytomas in childhood are common, benign tumors in the brain. They may begin in the early childhood and grow gradually over the course of adolescence, or they may suddenly appear with no warning. Symptoms of childhood astrocytomas may include trouble walking, headaches, and memory loss. Treatment varies depending on the age and location of the tumor, and it is important to know what to expect.
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Children with astrocytoma may require surgery. If it has spread to the spinal cord, radiotherapy may be recommended. However, if the astrocytoma has spread to the spinal cord, chemotherapy is also an option. Pediatric brain tumors should be treated with a multidisciplinary team, and irradiation should be performed by centers with expertise in this treatment. This article summarizes the standard treatment options for childhood astrocytomas.
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Children with astrocytomas will typically require surgery. The most effective treatment for childhood astrocytomas is complete surgical resection. MRI is the preferred method of diagnosis for these tumors, but a contrast-enhanced CT scan can be used if the child is ineligible for surgery. A physician will use a combination of techniques to determine whether astrocytomas are benign or malignant.
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Treatment for astrocytoma in childhood depends on the type of tumor and how early it is detected. Following surgery, follow-up care is often required to check for recurrence or progression. The schedule of the child's follow-up visits will be determined by the child's specific medical condition and his/her age. The care team will work with the child's health insurance provider to make sure that a recurrence is prevented.
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Pediatric astrocytomas can occur anywhere in the central nervous system. While a pediatric astrocytoma can occur anywhere in the brain, the most common location is in the hypothalamus. The symptoms of pediatric astrocytomas in childhood vary significantly, but in general, they are usually quite mild. The diagnosis of childhood astrocytomas depends on the specific type of astrocytoma.
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The best treatment for astrocytomas in childhood is based on the type and location of the tumor. Treatment for the tumor may be a combination of several options, depending on the type of astrocytoma. Surgical intervention is a viable option for many high-grade astrocytomas. Surgical resection can be performed to remove recurrent astrocytoma. The recurrence of the cancer is rare.
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Treatment for childhood astrocytomas is dependent on the type of astrocytoma and the extent of the tumor. Patients may require ongoing follow-up care for recurrence and progression of their tumor. The care team will set up a follow-up schedule that works best for the child and the family. There are no guarantees of a cure, but the astrocytoma has the potential to cause significant emotional and psychological distress.
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There are many symptoms of astrocytomas in children. Some symptoms can last months before a diagnosis is made. The location of the tumor in the brain will determine the type of symptoms. During well-baby checkups, health care professionals will measure the child's head circumference to determine whether the tumor is growing or shrinking. If these symptoms persist, it is a good idea to see a doctor.
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While surgery is the primary treatment for childhood astrocytomas, it is not always possible to fully eliminate the tumor. Surgical resection is the only option for astrocytomas in children. The risk of the procedure depends on the location of the tumor and the patient's age. For low-grade astrocytomas, a tumor in the optic chiasm/hypothalamus is unlikely to be excised completely. The presence of NF1 or other genetic mutations can also affect the outcome of the surgery.
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Although childhood astrocytomas do not typically spread to other parts of the body, it is important to seek out a doctor for a proper diagnosis. The child's doctor will be able to perform a brain MRI to determine the size of the tumor, as well as to plan future treatments. The doctor will likely perform an MRI to assess the size of the tumor in the early days after surgery to ensure that there is no evidence of any other cancers in the child's head.
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The overall survival rate for children with astrocytomas is 67% at 20 years. A high-grade astrocytoma, however, has a much lower survival rate and a high risk of recurrence. A child's MRI may be negative for a few different reasons, including the fact that the cancer is in the brain. Regardless of the causes of their astrocytomas, it is important to get a thorough examination and receive the proper diagnosis.
