Chordoma in Childhood Symptoms and Diagnosis - Oren Zarif - Chordoma in Childhood
Although the incidence of pediatric chordomas is very low, they can be devastating. In children, the disease typically begins in the cranial base or spinal column, and seems to progress more slowly than in adults. This article aims to provide an updated review of the symptoms, diagnosis, and prognosis of chordomas in childhood. These rare tumors derive from primitive notochordal remnants, and are classified as chondroid, undifferentiated, and classic.
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One case report describes an 11-year-old girl who was seen by her pediatrician for a persistent headache. Physical examination was normal, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a 2 cm mass in the caudal region of the clivus. On T1-weighted imaging, the mass was faintly enhancing, and on T2-weighted images, the lesion was heterogeneously hyperintense. Computed tomography revealed a soft-tissue mass with no bone tissue. As a result, the diagnosis of chordoma was made.
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A diagnosis of a chordoma should be made immediately, as the condition can lead to permanent damage to the spine or brain. Depending on the location, hydrocephalus (CSF accumulation) may cause several symptoms depending on age. Some of the symptoms of hydrocephalus include double vision, nausea, rapid eye movements, and difficulty with balance. The occurrence of a chordoma in the cervical spine is associated with symptoms such as hoarseness, neck pain, and headaches.
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The treatment of chordoma in children varies. MRI scans and CT scans use a combination of X-rays to take detailed pictures of the affected area. Radiotherapy and radiation therapy have been used successfully in children. However, chemotherapy has been controversial and the role of radiotherapy has not been determined. If a child is diagnosed with a chordoma, a biopsy will confirm the diagnosis. A physician will collect a small sample of the affected tissue. The cells will be examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis.
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An ultrasound and MRI are the only ways to confirm a chordoma diagnosis. If a child is suffering from these symptoms, the physician should be consulted. MRI results will determine the location of the chordoma. The treatment of cordoma will depend on the location of the mass. Some patients may experience chronic pain, difficulty with breathing, or even death. In the case of a cordoma in the cervical spine, the symptoms may be mild, or even nonexistent.
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MRIs will detect the tumor and determine whether it is cancerous. In the case of children, MRIs will show the location of the tumor. If the patient does not have a tumor, a biopsy will identify the remaining tissues. If surgery fails, a biopsy will be performed. If the diagnosis of a chordoma is positive, the patient will undergo a diagnostic procedure. They will be examined by a physician who is experienced in treating chordomas.
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In some cases, the cancer may not show any specific symptoms. However, doctors will need to perform an MRI and CT scans to diagnose it. The tumors in the neck will not be visible. MRIs and CT scans will reveal if the cancer is cancerous. The surgeon will remove the tumor and then perform a biopsy to test the tissue for the presence of chordoma. The diagnosis will depend on the location of the chordoma in the child.
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Another case in which symptoms of chordoma in childhood are rare was in a patient diagnosed with asymptomatic chordoma. The physical examination and the diagnosis of the tumor are normal, but the child must undergo imaging tests to confirm the diagnosis. A genetic mutation caused the notochord cells to divide abnormally. This resulted in the formation of a cordoma. The condition is characterized by a prominent crest.
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Children with chordomas have various symptoms. Most commonly, the tumor will affect the cranial nerves or the skull. During pregnancy, a baby has a thin bar called a notochord in its back that supports the spine. But after birth, the notochord will disappear, and chordomas will form in the skull and spine. This is the result of a change in a gene.








































































