Chordoma in Childhood Symptoms and Treatment - Oren Zarif - Chordoma in Childhood
Although chordomas are rare cancers, they are not always obvious until they begin to affect a child's spine or skull. This type of tumor usually begins in the central nervous system near the skull base and can develop in a variety of locations. If symptoms persist for more than a few weeks, your child may need to see a doctor. Patients should be evaluated by a pediatrician for the symptoms of chordoma.
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Surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible is usually the first step. Proton beam radiation therapy or surgery to reduce tumor volume can also be used to remove remaining tumor tissue. If a child has a chordoma in their neck, the affected region may experience symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure, such as hoarseness or diplopia. Treatment for this condition is multidisciplinary and may include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery.
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Diagnostic testing for chordoma involves X-rays taken from different angles and combining the results to produce a detailed picture of the affected area. The MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, uses powerful magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of the affected area. A biopsy is the only way to definitively diagnose a chordoma, which requires removing a small sample of tumor cells and studying them under a microscope. A blood test and bone scan will confirm the diagnosis, as well as show if the tumor has spread to other areas of the body.
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The earliest possible diagnosis of chordoma is a core needle biopsy. A small sample of cells is obtained with a biopsy, a procedure that uses radio waves and powerful magnets. The only way to be sure that a patient has chordoma is through a biopsy. A physician takes a sample of tumor tissue and examines it under a microscope. Other tests may include a bone scan and a blood test.
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The best treatment for chordoma in children depends on the type of tumor. In most cases, surgery is performed to remove the tumor. However, if it remains, radiation therapy or a biopsy will be required. Other treatments include the use of a radioactive iodine-based chemotherapy. The patient's symptoms and treatment will depend on the stage of the tumor. If there are other complications, they will be evaluated by a doctor.
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Conventional treatment of chordoma in children involves surgery. The goal is to remove as much of the tumor as possible without causing severe side effects. After surgery, radiation is generally given to kill the remaining tumor cells. If a child has a symptom of chordoma, a doctor will perform a physical examination to determine the exact cause. A doctor will perform a CT scan to determine the exact location of the tumor.
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Surgical treatment is the first option to treat chordoma. The surgeon's primary objective is to remove the entire tumor, but he or she must ensure that the lesion is not impacted by neurovascular structures such as the spinal cord or brainstem. In addition to surgery, patients should undergo radiotherapy for symptoms of chordoma. The treatment options for chordoma will depend on the type of radiation the patient has.
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An 11-year-old girl was referred to her pediatrician after she developed a persistent headache. Physical examination was normal, but magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2 cm mass in the caudal part of the clivus. The lesion was homogeneously hyperintense on T1 and T2 weighted images and displayed a strong heterogeneous contrast enhancement on the FLAIR sequence. Computed tomography showed a sharply delineated soft-tissue mass with no bone tissue. Among the patients, the pathologist diagnosed a chordoma in childhood.
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The symptoms of chordoma in children can vary. The most common is a persistent headache. The child's physical examination and diagnostic imaging were normal. During the physical examination, the patient's head was unaffected. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed a caudal mass with low signal intensity and a heterogeneously hyperintense lesion on T2-weighted images. The CT scan also showed no bone tissue. Upon further evaluation, the pathologist proposed that the mass was a chordoma.
