Chordoma in Childhood Symptoms and Treatment - Oren Zarif - Chordoma in Childhood
Although cancer in children is rare, if it does occur, it can have devastating effects on a child's development, including the brain and spinal cord. During pregnancy, the baby has a thin bar called the notochord that runs along the back of the skull, supporting the spine as it grows. However, before birth, this notochord disappears and the baby's spine can become affected by a tumor called a chordoma. This growth occurs due to a change in a gene that causes the notochord's cells to divide too quickly.
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While most chordomas occur in the sacro-coccygeal region, most childhood cases are intracranial and located in the sphenooccipital synovitis. They are often associated with extradural compression of the neuroaxis and local destruction of the clival bone. The tumor can also occur in the paranas, the ethmoid sinuses, the temporal bone, and the paraclival region.
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Symptoms of Chordoma in childhood are complex, requiring highly specialized care from a team of specialists. These physicians are usually found in larger hospitals, which are also called referral centers. A physician directory of doctors in your area is available at the Chordoma Foundation's website. This database lists the names of pediatricians and their affiliations. You can find a doctor that meets all of the criteria for inclusion in the database.
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The treatment for Chordoma depends on the location and size of the tumor. A tumor located in the lower spine can cause pain in the legs and lower back. If the chordoma has spread to the intestine or bladder, it may also affect these structures. It is possible that a pediatric chordoma can cause double vision and can cause a patient to have difficulty swallowing or speaking. If the tumor is located in the skull, they could affect a child's facial movements and swallowing.
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The treatment for chordoma in childhood varies. Surgical removal will remove as much of the tumor as possible. Proton beam radiation therapy may be used to eliminate the remaining tumor. MRI scans are also available. A patient's condition can be diagnosed based on the symptoms and the severity of the tumor. An MRI can also reveal the location of the cancer and the extent of it. These tests can also detect a tumor in the spinal cord.
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The treatment for Chordoma in childhood will depend on how the tumor responds to treatment. In children under the age of five, the most aggressive chordomas are those affecting the lower back and spine. In this case, surgery will be necessary to reduce the tumor volume, preserve nerves, and the craniosa. There are a few ways to diagnose this disease. Your doctor may want to perform a biopsy, which can remove the tumor completely.
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An ultrasound will reveal the location of the tumor. In a case with a symptomatic cordoma, MRI will be the first option. A CT scan will reveal a small mass, which is usually easy to identify. A MRI will help the doctor determine whether chordomas have spread to other parts of the body. These tests may also be performed by your physician. The doctor will also take a blood test to confirm the diagnosis.
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A diagnosis of Chordoma is based on the age and the location of the tumor. If the tumor is in the skull, it can block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. This can cause several symptoms, depending on the age of the child. It can cause a swelling in the soft areas of the skull. It can also lead to problems with balance. A chordoma in the cervical spine can also result in hoarseness or headaches.
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A child with a chordoma in the clivus has a constant headache. Magnetic resonance imaging will show a 2 cm sharply delineated mass. The image will show minimal signal intensity on T1-weighted imaging. The child will need to undergo CT scans after the surgery to determine the location of the tumor. A CT scan will also reveal any abnormalities in the brain and neck.
