Pediatric extracranial germ cell tumors are rare and require aggressive treatment. In fact, more than half of all these cancers come back, despite the advances in medical science. Fortunately, the treatment of these tumors is now available for children and adolescents. There are two common stages of the disease: stage I and stage II. In stage I, the tumor is completely removed by surgery. After surgery, the tumor markers return to normal. In stage II, the cancer cells may remain in the scrotum.
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The most common type of extracranial germ cell tumor is known as a mature teratoma. This type of tumor is benign and is unlikely to become cancer. It usually forms in the testicles, ovaries, and sacrum in newborns. It is often diagnosed in young adults, and symptoms are rarely present in this type of disease. Symptoms of this disease include fever, headache, and pain.
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During the initial consultation, doctors will evaluate your symptoms and discuss treatment options. Some treatments are more aggressive than others, while others may be less invasive. Radiation therapy is a common treatment for extracranial germ cell tumors. It uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells. Known as external radiation therapy, it can also be used to treat children with these tumors. The chemotherapy drug, etoposide, is also another treatment option.
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Because extracranial germ cell tumors are so rare, it is recommended to undergo treatment by a team of experts. If chemotherapy is needed, the team should be skilled in treating children with cancer. In addition to standard treatment, some patients may undergo adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy), which is given after surgery to kill cancer cells that may remain. This type of treatment will reduce the risk of the cancer coming back.
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There are two main types of extracranial germ cell tumors. Some are reversible while others may be irreversible. The best treatment for these cancers depends on whether the patient has a high risk of developing a metastasis. In some cases, the cancer may have metastasized and spread elsewhere. In such cases, surgery is the only option. The patient's condition should be monitored for at least five years and the tumor must be diagnosed within six months.
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Although extracranial germ cell tumors are rare, they may be treated successfully. Most patients will receive chemotherapy after surgery. This is a form of adjuvant therapy, and can lower the risk of recurrent cancers. For some patients, this is an option for additional treatment. The goal of this treatment is to reduce the risk of the tumor in the patient's brain. But it is important to note that children with this type of cancer should not undergo this treatment alone.
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The most common type of extracranial germ cell tumor is a mature teratoma. This tumor is harmless and does not often grow to be cancerous. It typically occurs in the sacrum and coccyx in newborns, and in the testicles during puberty in boys. The cells of this type of cancer look similar to normal cells under a microscope, and are not harmful. However, the tumor may cause a rash, and if so, this may lead to skin infections.
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There are several types of extracranial germ cell tumors. Most of these are not cancerous. Those that develop in the testicles and ovaries are known as mature teratomas. It is rare in children, but it is possible. It can occur in other parts of the body. In addition to its location, an extracranial germ cell tumor can affect any organ. An ultrasound is a useful tool in diagnosing a cancer.
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Unlike their adult counterparts, extracranial germ cell tumors can grow to a large extent. Despite the high rate of recurrence, it is not fatal, but it is usually curable if detected early. For some patients, however, this type of cancer may progress and spread to other parts of the body. Because it is rare, it is difficult to distinguish between the symptoms of this type of cancer.
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