If you or a family member has multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible. There is no cure for the disease, but doctors can treat changes in the glands as they occur with drugs or surgery. Symptoms of multiple endocrine neoplastic syndromes can begin as early as infancy, or they may develop in old age. There are no common symptoms.
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Patients with type I and type II multiple endocrine neoplasia will likely exhibit the same symptoms as those of type 1, but they will have a different set of signs. The most common symptom is hyperparathyroidism, which is a rare but severe condition. Symptoms of multiple endocrine neoplastic syndromes type I and type 2 include high blood pressure, sweating excessively, heart palpitations, and fatty liver.
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Symptoms of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes will differ, depending on which endocrine gland is affected. The most common symptom is hyperparathyroidism, which is a condition in which the parathyroid glands become overactive. This causes an imbalance in the body's calcium levels and can lead to kidney stones, thinning of the bones, and weakness.
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Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary disease that affects the hormone-producing glands in the body. These glands produce a variety of hormones that help regulate the body's cells and tissues. Although MEN1 usually involves the parathyroid gland and the islet cells of the pancreas, it can also occur in other organs. While most cases of multiple endocrine neoplasia are noncancerous, they are often life-threatening. There are three major forms of MEN: type 1, type 2, and type 4. Each type is distinguished by the type of hormones produced.
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Type 2 is the most common type and is characterized by hyperparathyroidism, a tumor of the pituitary gland. MEN is a rare disorder with varying symptoms. It is inherited, so genetic testing is necessary to diagnose it. Its symptoms are consistent in one family. But they can also be indicative of other conditions. There are several other signs and symptoms of multiple endocrine neoplasia.
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While multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is genetically based, type 4 has a different cause: a mutation in a gene. It is often accompanied by other signs and symptoms, including pain and a variety of cancers. Fortunately, the underlying disease is treatable and the chances of survival are high. With the right care and support, multiple endocrine neoplastic syndromes can be managed.
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Type 2A and type 2B MEN2 are hereditary and occur in both sexes. In type 2, the RET gene mutation is found in the egg or sperm cell during pregnancy. If the mother or father has MEN1 type 2, the child has a new RET mutation in her mother's cell. REM2A is inherited through the same genes from both parents, but it has been seen in families of people with no family history of MEN1.
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MEN4 is caused by a mutation in the REMN1 gene. It is similar to type 1 except that it has more symptoms and is inherited by a mother. In type 1, the tumors affect the parathyroid gland. It disrupts calcium balance, which can lead to kidney stones and weakness. It is not known if the disease is hereditary, but the symptoms are often the same.
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The signs and symptoms of multiple endocrine neoplasia differ from person to person. Depending on the affected gland, patients may experience hyperparathyroidism, muscle pain, constipation, and thinning of bones. The symptoms of MEN1 depend on the location of the tumors, but are often present at any age. The first signs of the disease are similar to those of type 1.
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MEN1 is caused by mutations in the REMN gene. The REMN gene is responsible for regulating cell growth and division. In MEN2, the REMN gene is involved in regulating tumor growth and division. The MEN1 gene is responsible for most of the symptoms. Its presence in the body can result in several complications. If not treated, MEN1 can lead to tumors in the thyroid.
