Mycosis fungoides symptoms are difficult to identify in its early stages because they are similar to those of other skin diseases. In fact, it is so similar that patients can go years without ever being diagnosed. Treatment for the disease starts with a clinical picture, and then biopsy confirmation. The doctor may also order blood tests and perform a chest x-ray or CT scan, depending on the patient's medical history and physical exam.
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Typical Mycosis Fungoides symptoms include scaly, red, and flat patches of skin. The condition usually affects areas of the body that receive very little sunlight. In addition, some individuals develop light patches on their skin, which may be mistaken for other skin conditions. While these patches usually develop on the back and lower abdomen, they may also spread and become lumps and plaques.
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In addition to the skin lesions, the patient may also experience lymphadenopathy and cutaneous tumors. In severe cases, the disease may affect the lymph nodes. The skin lesions may improve, but the lymph nodes may remain affected. This is called "mycosis fungoides," and the patient should seek medical care as soon as possible. If the symptoms persist, it is likely to be caused by another condition.
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Among the various treatments for Mycosis fungoides, photopheresis involves using ultraviolet light to kill cancer cells. Similar to giving blood, photopheresis involves removing T-cells from the blood, which are then treated with a drug, exposed to ultraviolet light, and then mixed back into the blood. This type of therapy is usually used for advanced cases of Mycosis fungoides because it can improve the immune system's ability to fight off other cancer cells.
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However, it can also result in increased dryness. Therefore, patients should avoid taking long hot showers, since they can worsen the condition. Avoid rubbing the affected areas and keep a cool, dry environment.
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While the specific cause of Mycosis Fungoides remains unclear, it is believed to be caused by abnormal T-cells. These cancerous cells can spread to other organs and tissues. In this advanced stage, 20 percent of mycosis fungoides patients will develop malignant lymphoma. At this stage, the immune system is weak, and a systemic infection can lead to death. The deadly organisms that cause Mycosis Fungoides are Staphylococcus aureus and Psudomonas aeruginosa.
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The symptoms of Mycosis Fungoides are often described as plaques, patches, or tumors. While it usually doesn't spread beyond the skin, 10% of patients develop it on other organs and lymph nodes. If the cancer is spread beyond the skin, the disease is known as Sezary syndrome, and treatment for this type of mycosis fungoides can improve quality of life and reduce the symptoms.
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The skin rash is red and itchy, and can develop into plaques and tumors. The presence of tumors is also possible, though it's rare in its early stages. Symptoms of Mycosis Fungoides are similar to those of other blood cancers. For those with skin cancer, they may also have a red rash and swollen lymph nodes. Further, the symptoms may be similar to those of Sezary syndrome, but can be hard to identify in the early stages.
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Multiple skin biopsies are often necessary to confirm a diagnosis in early stages of the disease. Histopathology will reveal infiltrates of malignant CD4+ T-cells. Blood tests and lymph node biopsy may be required to rule out other diseases or to diagnose extracutaneous spread. Occasionally, a CT/PET scan will help the doctor stage TNMB. Patients with a progressive dermatosis or failure to respond to topical treatments may need repeated biopsies.
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Dietary changes are another important factor to watch out for in Mycosis Fungoides. Nutrition and lifestyle factors may affect the response to treatment. Dietary supplements and natural remedies may have positive or negative effects on the disease. Those with advanced disease may need chemotherapy, but skin directed therapy with chemotherapeutic agents is palliative and can produce a short-lived but significant response.
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LyP is slow-growing, and most people affected by the disease are adults aged 35-45 years. Men are more likely to develop mycosis fungoides than women. The first signs of the disease appear as red spots or larger lumps, and may break apart in the middle. Once the lesions have healed, they may leave scars. If not treated, the disease can spread throughout the body and be deadly.
