Nasopharyngeal Cancer Symptoms and Signs - Oren Zarif - Nasopharyngeal Cancer
- Apr 11, 2022
- 4 min read
To properly treat nasopharyngeal cancer, it is necessary to first establish a diagnosis. Your doctor will evaluate the extent of the cancer and whether it has spread to any lymph nodes in the area. They may order certain tests to confirm the diagnosis. These tests can include X-rays and scans. Listed below are some of the symptoms and signs of Nasopharyngeal Cancer.
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Most cases of nasopharyngeal cancer are early-stage, with no evidence of distant spread or lymph nodes. Later-stage cancer may be Stage III or Stage IV, depending on the size of the tumor and whether it has metastasized. Treatments will vary depending on the stage. Generally, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the most common treatments. However, chemotherapy is not necessary in every case.
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A small lump in the neck may indicate that you have a nasopharyngeal tumor. These lumps are typically non-painful and are caused by inflamed lymph nodes. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should consult with a medical professional as soon as possible. You should also see a doctor if you have other warning signs of nasopharyngeal cancer.
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A family history of this disease is one of the biggest risk factors for developing nasopharyngeal cancer. People with a first-degree relative who has had this disease have a three-fold increased risk. Nasopharyngeal cancer is more common in men than women. It is diagnosed during a physical examination and medical history. Then, a number of tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
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After the diagnosis, treatment will start. Treatment may consist of anti-cancer agents that are given orally or intravenously. These drugs are designed to stop cancer cells from dividing and grow. Most commonly, chemotherapy will be given in three to four-week cycles and will be followed by a recovery period. Chemoradiation is another treatment option for nasopharyngeal cancer.
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After completing radiation therapy, the patient will be treated with chemotherapy. This drug may be given alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. Since nasopharyngeal cancer responds to radiation, the doctor will likely use intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMR), a type of advanced radiation therapy that limits the amount of exposure to healthy tissue. The goal of chemotherapy is to stop the growth of cancer cells by killing off the remaining cells.
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The most common type of nasopharyngeal cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. It starts in the lining of the nasopharynx. The nasopharynx is the upper part of the throat, behind the nose. The pharynx is connected to the windpipe and esophagus. Although a rare form of head and neck cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer is common in parts of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia.
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A few other nasopharyngeal cancer symptoms include nasal obstruction, bloody discharge, and sputum with blood. Tinnitus, a type of hearing problem, is another potential symptom of nasopharyngeal cancer. In addition to nasal obstruction and blood in the nasal discharge, tinnitus can be an indication of tumor invasion of the Eustachian tube. A doctor should investigate any unilateral aural symptoms to rule out a nasopharynx.
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Early detection and treatment is essential in this disease. Advanced nasopharyngeal cancer is treatable with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. With proper diagnosis, 50 percent of people with the disease will live for more than five years. The survival rate is higher in young people than in older adults. About seventy-seven people under the age of 45 will survive nasopharyngeal cancer for five years or more.
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If your symptoms are persistent for more than 3 weeks, you should consult a doctor. While it is unlikely that you have Nasopharyngeal Cancer, it is always best to be sure. The earlier you can detect the disease, the easier it will be to treat. The sooner treatment can begin, the better the chance of a successful outcome. Therefore, don't delay - schedule your appointment today.
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In addition to undergoing the above mentioned tests, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove the tumor and some healthy tissue. Surgery is not the first choice for this type of cancer, but it is a possible option if your tumor has spread to lymph nodes in the neck. Patients with primary Nasopharyngeal Cancer are often treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. If it has spread to lymph nodes, surgery will be necessary to remove the cancer.
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After the biopsy, a pathologist will examine the sample under a microscope. A pathologist may also test the tissue for HPV or EBV. Often, the patient can go home the same day. Afterwards, a sore throat or mild bleeding is common. Throat lozenges or over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage the discomfort. For those experiencing pain, NYU Langone doctors often use a fine needle aspiration to extract cells for further study.
