When it comes to treating nasopharyngeal cancer, many of the treatments available are relatively conservative. A physician may recommend chemotherapy drugs, which are often administered through the mouth or intravenously. These drugs stop the growth and division of cancer cells. Usually given in three to four weekly cycles with a recovery period, chemotherapy is often combined with radiation therapy. Chemotherapy helps the body's immune system fight cancer cells. Surgical removal of the nasopharynx is reserved for cases that are unresponsive to treatment.
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Although early signs of nasopharyngeal cancer may not prompt a doctor visit, unusual nasal congestion is a sign of the disease. Nasopharyngeal cancer starts when abnormal cells are created by genetic mutations. These cells invade nearby structures and spread to other parts of the body. The process of nasopharyngeal cancer starts in squamous cells and spreads to other areas of the body.
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) has also been linked to the development of nasopharyngeal cancer. This virus, which is common in Southeast Asia and southern China, is spread through bodily fluids and saliva. It does not cause any symptoms in most people. However, if you are experiencing any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away. He or she will likely ask about your symptoms and may refer you to a neck lump clinic.
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Some signs of nasopharyngeal cancer include a stuffy nose, difficulty speaking, a lump in the neck, and pain in the ear. A doctor may also recommend a biopsy of the area to determine if cancerous cells are present. A biopsy will also be necessary to determine if the tumor has spread. The tumor will be removed and tested under a microscope.
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During a nasopharyngeal cancer screening, a healthcare provider will ask you questions about your symptoms and your health history. He or she may also perform a physical exam and take a biopsy of the affected area. The biopsy will then be sent for analysis to determine whether cancer cells are present. The results of the biopsy will be reported to a doctor. This screening can lead to the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer.
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Although the symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer usually develop at an advanced stage, treatment for early-stage cancer is still possible. In addition to surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are also effective in treating nasopharyngeal cancer. The most common treatment for stage-I nasopharyngeal cancer is radiation therapy. Often, patients are unaware that they have the disease until it has spread throughout their body.
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Patients with nasopharyngeal cancer may notice a lump on the back of their neck. These lumps are not painful and are caused by the cancer spreading to the lymph nodes in their neck. Other symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer include dysphagia, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. The symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer may be difficult to recognize in its early stages, but early detection is crucial for proper treatment.
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The incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer is two to three times higher in areas near southern China than in western Europe. It is more common in men than in women and is more prevalent in older individuals. The average age of diagnosis is between 50 and 60 years. Around 80% of nasopharyngeal cancer patients already have a secondary tumor in their neck when they are diagnosed. This is because the abundant lymphoid tissue facilitates the spread of cancer throughout the body.
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Despite the risks, patients with nasopharyngeal cancer often have good outcomes when treated early. The survival rate depends on the location and stage of the cancer. Treatment options depend on the stage of the disease and underlying health condition, and the patient's response to chemotherapy. The survival rate for localized nasopharyngeal cancer patients is eighty percent, whereas for those who have nasopharyngeal tumors that have spread to other areas of the body, the survival rate is just under forty percent.
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The first step in diagnosing nasopharyngeal cancer is an examination of the head and neck. This is performed with an endoscope, a thin lighted tube that is inserted through the nose and mouth. Then a biopsy is performed. The biopsy involves a biopsy of a small sample of tissue. A doctor may also perform this test after visualizing the suspicious growth.
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If the tumor has spread to other areas of the body, it may be necessary to undergo a PET scan, which uses radioactive glucose to map where the cancer has spread. Using this test increases the likelihood of discovering nasopharyngeal cancer in the early stages. A chest X-ray is also a helpful test for detecting this condition. The results of this test may reveal whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or the lungs.
