Several signs of oral cancer can be similar to other common health conditions. For example, a persistent sore throat, hoarseness, or a feeling of something in the throat are all potential signs. Other oral cancer symptoms may include loosening of the teeth, swelling in the mouth, or a change in voice. Fortunately, early detection of these symptoms will increase the chances of a full recovery. However, there are other, less common, symptoms of oral cancer that you should be aware of.
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Physical exam. This examination involves examining the roof and floor of the mouth, the back of the throat, the tongue, cheeks, and neck lymph nodes. An ENT specialist may also perform a biopsy. A biopsy involves collecting a sample of tissue and sending it to a pathologist for examination under a microscope. Other diagnostic tests may include computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. These tests can detect cancerous cells, if any.
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Sore throat. Many people with oral cancer will complain of a sore throat. Other symptoms may include a hoarse voice and a change in speech. If you experience any of these symptoms or are concerned about your voice, you should see your dentist immediately. Men are twice as likely to develop oral cancer than women, so early diagnosis can greatly improve your chances of a positive outcome. If you notice any of these symptoms, visit a dentist right away. If they persist, your dentist will help you determine the cause.
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Most cases of oral cancer are caused by squamous cells, which line the surfaces of several organs. They include oral squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and salivary gland cancer. Adenocarcinomas, melanoma, and other types of soft tissue cancer may also affect the mouth and tongue. A cancer with an abnormal pigment is also called melanoma.
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A lump on the mouth or lip may be an early sign of oral cancer. It may appear harmless and not be cancerous, but it will gradually grow until it ruptures. If you ignore the lump, it will continue to grow, revealing a deep cavity that is prone to infections. In addition to a painful lump, a ruptured lump may lead to a change in your voice or difficulty chewing or swallowing.
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After a diagnosis of oral cancer, your doctor may recommend several treatments, which vary in the type and extent of the disease. Radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy may be recommended. Treatment may depend on the type and location of the cancer, and the symptoms. Surgery can remove the tumor and nearby lymph nodes. Chemotherapy is another treatment option, which uses high-energy radiation waves to kill cancer cells. While these methods do not cure oral cancer, they can slow the progression of the disease.
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Treatment of oral cancer may involve surgery to remove the tumor. A margin of healthy tissue surrounding the tumor can be removed, and reconstruction surgery is sometimes necessary. Treatment for larger tumors may include chemotherapy or radiation, which target the cancer's DNA and interfere with the cells' ability to reproduce. In some cases, a patient may need to undergo a surgery to replace missing teeth. Some cancer survivors will require reconstructive surgery to rebuild the tongue.
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Tobacco use is a risk factor for oral cancer, and people who smoke or use tobacco products are more likely to develop the disease than non-smokers or light drinkers. However, excessive exposure to the sun and alcohol also increase your risk. And because of the high incidence of oral cancer in men, it is important to consult your doctor and dental care provider for a proper diagnosis. If you notice any of these signs, you should contact your dentist as soon as possible.
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If you notice any of these changes, you should schedule a checkup with your doctor and dentist. They will ask you about them, and will perform further tests to determine whether your symptoms are cancer or a more common cause. Even after treatment, the patient must continue to be vigilant and seek medical attention if the symptoms are persistent. The goal of treatment should be to relieve symptoms and prevent cancer from progressing. If you are suffering from any of these symptoms, consult with your health care team and make sure you know what your doctor is prescribing.
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Oral cancer screenings are part of routine checkups or may be a result of patient concerns. Your dentist will examine your mouth thoroughly, and may refer you to a specialist who specializes in oral cancer. They may perform an endoscopy to examine your mouth for signs of oral cancer. They may also take a sample of your mouth for analysis. The biopsy will allow your physician to determine whether a particular spot is cancerous.
