If your child is experiencing any of the symptoms of osteosarcoma, you should seek medical attention. Although most children are going through a growth spurt and may be dismissing their discomfort as "growing pains," persistent complaints of pain or swelling should prompt a visit to the doctor. Osteosarcoma is rare and the disease is typically diagnosed through X-rays or other imaging tests. Your child may also require physical therapy to improve muscle strength or to eat properly.
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Pain and swelling are the primary symptoms of osteosarcoma. Patients may experience pain in the arm or leg when they move, or may limp. Pain may also be absent or worsen during activity. Patients often describe their pain as worse with activity and at nighttime. Pain from osteosarcoma may be felt through the skin, though it may be too deep to be felt. Patients with a tumor near a joint may also experience pain from palpation.
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In addition to its symptoms, osteosarcoma is associated with exposure to radiation therapy. While radiation can damage the DNA of cells, many of these changes happen randomly. This is why cells that divide quickly are more likely to make mistakes in their DNA. These mistakes increase the risk of developing osteosarcoma. In some instances, children with certain types of genetic disorders may also experience osteosarcoma.
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Some of the signs of osteosarcoma include pain near a bone or joint, usually in the upper arm and knee. These symptoms can be similar to those of a sports injury, but can be more severe and cause a child to limp. Pain may also be present during the night, or when the child exerts himself or herself. A child with pain in these areas may need to undergo imaging or biopsy to determine whether or not the condition is indeed osteosarcoma.
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The mainstay of treatment for osteosarcoma is surgical removal of the tumor. This procedure is sometimes called limb-sparing. It is done to preserve the limb's function and appearance, but it can leave it very fragile. It's important to note that this type of surgery will require a patient to be careful with high-stress physical activities after the operation. The other option for osteosarcoma treatment is amputation, which removes the tumor and prevents the cancer from spreading.
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Diagnosis of osteosarcoma begins with a physical examination and history. During the physical exam, your healthcare provider will look for lumps protruding from bones. Blood tests may also indicate the presence of a bone tumor or other cancer. Lab tests may also reveal the stage of the cancer and the extent of its spread. You may need to undergo a bone X-ray to determine the extent of osteosarcoma.
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The symptoms of osteosarcoma include pain and swelling in the affected bone. This may become severe at night, and the pain may even be intermittent. Patients with osteosarcoma may also have trouble walking. However, this disease rarely spreads to the soft tissues of the body, which is why it's important to seek medical attention immediately. This cancer is highly treatable, so your doctor will be able to make a diagnosis as soon as possible.