Primary CNS lymphoma symptoms include headache, weakness, vision problems, and paralysis. They increase quickly and require medical attention as soon as possible. Primary CNS lymphoma is a relatively rare type of lymphoma. Symptoms can also include sudden changes in personality or behavior, memory loss, and paralysis. A healthcare provider can determine whether you have this type of cancer based on your symptoms.
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A physician will also conduct a physical exam to determine the presence of CNS lymphoma. This examination will reveal any changes in the body's physical functions and assess the extent of tumor activity. Diagnostic tests can also indicate whether the cancer has spread or will recur after treatment. A blood test will look for low levels of white blood cells and platelets, which are vital to the body's immune system.
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People with a compromised immune system are at increased risk of developing primary CNS lymphoma. People with HIV or organ transplants are also susceptible to the disease. People with weakened immune systems should seek medical attention as early detection is critical. Patients with CNS lymphoma should consult with their doctors to discuss treatment options. Fortunately, there are several treatment options for this disease. There are also clinical trials open for people with the disease.
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Patients with primary CNS lymphoma may develop gait imbalance, vertigo, or loss of balance. They may also experience intractable vomiting. In rare cases, PCNSL may involve the spinal cord. If the tumor has spread to the spinal cord, patients may experience muscle weakness, sensation loss, and bladder and bowel dysfunction. Primary CNS lymphoma also affects peripheral and cranial nerves, and patients may experience pain or deficits in these areas.
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While primary CNS lymphoma is uncommon, nearly 1,500 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United States. It typically affects lymphocytes, which travel throughout the body. B lymphocytes form the bulk of the immune system, while T lymphocytes are found mostly in peripheral areas. The lymphatic system also contains many different types of white blood cells. Its cells called lymphocytes help fight infections by activating other cells and killing germs. When lymphocytes migrate from the peripheral to the central nervous system, they can form in the brain and spinal cord, called leptomeningeal lymphoma.
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Treatment for primary CNS lymphoma depends on the location of the tumor, the stage of the disease, and the severity of the cancer. Most treatments involve chemotherapy or radiation. The Abramson Cancer Center offers cutting-edge technology and individualized medicine, including clinical trials. The Penn Brain Tumor Center is a pioneer in the field of neuro-oncology, where new research discoveries are translated into innovative care.
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Typical CNS lymphoma cases have multiple lesions and are associated with a diffuse cytologic process. In addition to single lesions, they are frequently associated with a dense cellular infiltrate and lack perivascular relationships. These tumors have several different types of lymphocytes in their cytoplasm, and the predominant type determines their pathologic classification. This type of lymphoma is most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged men with a history of immunosuppression.
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Patients with primary CNS lymphoma typically present with progressive myelopathy during their seventh decade. Sixty-four percent of these patients also experienced associated constitutional symptoms. Back pain was the presenting symptom in 29 percent of cases. Lower motor neuron signs, such as flaccid paralysis, were common in 43 percent of cases. And a diagnosis of this disease is most likely to be a difficult one.
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Although primary CNS lymphoma is a rare form of NHL, it is still an important disease. It occurs when malignant lymphocytes invade the brain or spinal cord. These tumors can cause significant neurological symptoms. Although there is no known cause of primary CNS lymphoma, it is believed to arise in the immune system. People with weakened immune systems are at an increased risk of developing this disease, and those with certain infectious diseases or genetic conditions are at an increased risk of the condition.
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While primary CNS lymphoma is rare, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is especially common in the elderly. The symptoms of PCNSL are variable and may include seizures, neuropsychiatric problems, and even personality changes. However, it is important to seek appropriate diagnosis as early diagnosis is crucial for cure. While patients are generally thought to have a good chance of remission after treatment, reports of recurrence have occurred many years later.
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