The symptoms of primary CNS lymphoma can vary. These include headache, changes in personality or alertness, weakness, vision problems, and speech problems. In many cases, the symptoms of CNS lymphoma are accelerated and need immediate medical attention. Primary CNS lymphoma is a relatively rare type of NHL and can be hard to detect. For these reasons, it is essential to seek the advice of a healthcare provider as soon as you notice any symptoms.
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When lymphoma affects the central nervous system, it often spreads to other parts of the body, including the spinal cord and brain. Staging is a process that determines if the cancer has spread. Primary CNS lymphoma has no standard staging system. Patients should be referred to a specialist for a complete evaluation. If you suspect that you have this type of cancer, your medical professional will likely order a CT or MRI to determine where the tumor is located.
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Treatment for primary CNS lymphoma is most effective when the tumor is located within the cerebrum, the largest portion of the brain. Patients must be younger than 60 years old, be able to perform daily functions, and have no other diseases that weaken the immune system. However, it is important to note that treatment for this type of cancer may be difficult and not suitable for everyone. For this reason, it is crucial to seek the medical care of a qualified professional as early detection is crucial to the survival of patients.
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The causes of primary CNS lymphoma are not known, but immunosuppression is an important risk factor. Individuals who suffer from HIV infection or any immune disorder are more likely to develop this cancer. People who undergo organ transplants or other medical procedures that suppress the immune system are also at risk. People with these diseases are at a high risk for developing primary CNS lymphoma.
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Diagnostic tests are necessary for diagnosis and treatment of primary CNS lymphoma. A doctor may perform various tests, including an eye exam with special equipment to look for tumors and cancer. Imaging tests are also needed to detect the cancer in the spinal cord and brain. A diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma requires a complete neurological exam. The doctor will examine your mental state, muscle coordination, senses, and reflexes.
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Among the primary CNS lymphomas, diffuse large cell lymphoma is the most common. Its Rappaport classification calls it histiocytic lymphoma. It affects 43 percent of patients and only eight percent of cases have immunoblastic lymphoma. When it recurs, the cancer can grow in protective tissues such as the bone marrow and the muscles surrounding the brain.
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In addition to the clinical presentation of primary CNS lymphoma, radiographic findings and diagnosis are vital to managing this disease successfully. Diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma is often challenging, but proper recognition of the symptoms can help improve the chances of successful treatment. For frontline physicians working in outpatient clinics and emergency rooms, establishing a diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma is crucial.
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While the majority of cases of primary CNS lymphoma are B-cell types, the disease can affect either sexes equally. While it is less common among men than in women, it is more likely to affect people in their fifties or sixties. Those with suppressed immune systems are at increased risk of developing the disease. The majority of patients diagnosed with primary CNS lymphoma are over 55 years old.
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Treatment options for primary CNS lymphoma vary greatly and will depend on the extent of the cancer and the patient's age and general health. Treatment options typically involve radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The treatments used for primary CNS lymphoma include steroid therapy to reduce swelling around the tumour and may shrink the tumour. Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to destroy cancerous cells.
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Another type of primary CNS lymphoma affects the brain and spinal cord. The disease may develop in the outer covering of the brain. It may affect the membranes of the brain, spinal cord, or eyes. However, unlike primary CNS lymphoma, other forms of the disease may start elsewhere and spread to the brain. It is a rare and aggressive type of lymphoma.
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CNS lymphoma can be characterized by a single lesion, multiple lesions, or a mixture of lesions. Lesions that are non-enhancing or uniformly enhanced suggest CNS lymphoma, but abscesses are not uncommon in the region. In contrast, tumors that have a large proportion of enhancing cells are considered glioblastoma and are not limited to vascular territory.
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