If you're experiencing abdominal pain, you may be suffering from Primary Peritoneal Cancer. It is rare, and doctors may not even be aware of its symptoms. A small study conducted in India found that doctors in countries where tuberculosis is more common misdiagnosed patients with this cancer. To rule out other possible causes, it's important to see your doctor as soon as possible. Here are some of the most common symptoms of Primary Peritoneal Cancer.
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Your doctor may prescribe chemotherapy, targeted therapies, or surgery to treat your primary peritoneal cancer. Chemotherapy includes chemotherapy drugs that affect the growth of cancer cells by circulating throughout the bloodstream. Common drugs include paclitaxel and carboplatin. Sometimes, targeted therapies are used to treat primary peritoneal cancer that has returned. These drugs interfere with the growth of cancer cells and stop their growth.
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While the prognosis for primary peritoneal cancer is poor, debulking surgery is often successful. Because peritoneal cancer often has no symptoms until it's advanced, patients with the disease may experience no symptoms at all. While there are no specific symptoms of this disease until it has metastasized, symptoms may include abdominal discomfort, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms of primary peritoneal cancer are similar to those of ovarian cancer.
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In women with peritoneal cancer, chemotherapy is usually given after surgery. The most common chemotherapy drugs are carboplatin, paclitaxel, and docetaxel. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy may be given instead of intravenous chemotherapy in women with small residual tumours. Chemotherapy can be administered before or after interval debulking surgery. However, it may be difficult to remove all of the cancer during surgery.
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While there is no specific screening test for peritoneal cancer, doctors may order a variety of tests to diagnose the condition. Blood tests for CA125, a protein produced by tumor cells, may be used to confirm the diagnosis. Ultrasound imaging may also be used to determine the extent of disease in the abdomen. A transvaginal ultrasound may be performed for primary peritoneal cancer. A biopsy is necessary if the cancer has spread outside the abdominal cavity.
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Although primary peritoneal cancer occurs in women, men may also develop it. The peritoneum is made up of two layers: an inner layer covering the organs, and an outer layer covering the wall. When cancer spreads, it can reach the ovary. In both cases, it is treated much like ovarian cancer. The causes of primary peritoneal cancer are not well understood, but are thought to be related to the genes BRCA1/2.
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Fortunately, primary peritoneal cancer is usually diagnosed early. The best treatment is surgery, though early stages may be possible. Cancer that has not spread to lymph nodes outside the peritoneum are considered stage I, and the cancer may have spread to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other organs of the pelvis. Fortunately, there are now effective treatment options available that will eliminate symptoms and prevent the onset of further complications.
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After the diagnosis of PPC, a surgeon may suggest the use of a CT scan. CT scans generate a 3D picture of the body and may detect tumor cells. Patients with the condition may have fluid or ascites in the abdominal cavity. The fluid or tissue sample is then analyzed under a microscope. The doctors may also perform blood tests to detect tumor markers that have been elevated in the patient's blood.
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Other risk factors of peritoneal cancer include being overweight, having a family history of the disease, and having a BRCA mutation. Women with BRCA gene mutations are more likely to develop peritoneal cancer than people without the mutation. Taking regular exercise and eating a healthy diet can help reduce the risk. Genetic factors can also increase your risk of peritoneal cancer. However, these factors can't prevent the disease completely.
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If your cancer is still small, it can spread to distant organs, including the liver and the lungs. It can also spread to distant lymph nodes, such as the ovaries. For this reason, a surgical procedure may be suggested. A surgeon may remove as much of the cancer as possible, including the ovaries, uterus, and Fallopian tubes. In the worst case scenario, surgery may not be enough to cure the disease.
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Some patients may benefit from immunotherapy. This treatment uses anticancer drugs to boost the immune system and kill cancer cells. Another form of treatment is a newer experimental therapy called hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy involves sending a substance directly into the peritoneal cavity after the tumor is removed. Combination chemotherapy is a type of chemotherapy that uses more than one anticancer drug.
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