Most people with soft tissue sarcoma do not experience any symptoms when it is at an early stage. Often, they may notice a lump or swelling under the skin. However, if the tumor is in the abdomen, symptoms may not develop until the mass becomes large enough to press on organs or muscles. Some people may develop pain in the abdomen or have numbness in their arms or legs. Some may experience frequent abdominal pain, or experience nausea or vomiting.
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Although soft tissue sarcomas often begin without any symptoms, some patients may notice a slow-growing mass in a leg or arm. They may also notice a fullness. Although the mass itself may not be painful, it may press against a nearby nerve, causing numbness or tingling. If this happens, it may be a sign of soft tissue sarcoma.
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A physician will conduct a physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests to diagnose the disease. Blood and imaging tests may be done to confirm the diagnosis. A biopsy will be performed if the doctor suspects a tumor is present. A pathologist will examine the tissue under a microscope. If a biopsy is performed, the cancer may be present in nearby tissue or spread to other organs. If you experience any of these symptoms, visit a physician immediately.
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The most important symptom of soft tissue sarcoma is a lump in the affected area. It can develop anywhere in the body, but most often occurs on the thigh, arm, or abdomen. Soft tissue sarcomas may spread beyond the area where they start by traveling through the lymph system and bloodstream. This process is called metastasis. A person with a soft tissue sarcoma should be evaluated by a doctor to determine if it is cancer.
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Patients should ask their doctor to perform a biopsy to determine the type and grade of their tumor. The tumor grade can help determine the likelihood of metastasis. However, a biopsy isn't enough to determine whether a patient has soft tissue sarcoma. The pathologist will perform a test called immunohistochemistry, which uses antibodies to detect antigens. The antigens are linked to either an enzyme or a fluorescent dye. The enzyme or dye is activated after the antibodies bind to the antigen. When viewed under a microscope, the result can help determine whether the tumor is malignant or not.
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A biopsy of a lump may be necessary to diagnose soft tissue sarcoma in an adult. A biopsy can remove a sample of tissue, or the entire lump, using a wide needle. The biopsy may be done by a pathologist. The pathologist will evaluate the sample and determine if there is cancer present or not. Often, masses are benign, but imaging studies may be necessary to determine whether the cancer has spread elsewhere in the body.
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There are several treatments for soft tissue sarcoma. Chemotherapy is often used alone, or with surgery and radiation. Some soft tissue sarcoma subtypes respond better to chemotherapy than others. It's important to see a doctor who specializes in treating soft tissue sarcomas, as the treatment options can vary based on the type of cancer. In the meantime, patients should visit an oncologist to learn more about their options.
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A patient may experience pain, swelling, and difficulty walking. These symptoms may be a sign of soft tissue sarcoma. Early treatment can significantly reduce the risk of complications or recurrence. However, if the tumor is large, treatment is critical. The treatment of soft tissue sarcoma will depend on the type of cancer that has spread to nearby tissue. For instance, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma may spread to the lungs.
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Treatments for soft tissue sarcoma depend on the subtype, location, size, and grade of the cancer. Many patients with this cancer may undergo chemotherapy, radiation, or both. The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the tumor's location, subtype, and patient preference. Some patients may be eligible for clinical trials. In addition, a patient with advanced disease may be referred to a clinical trial.