Squamous cell cancer of the skin is a type of skin cancer that develops when the flat cells near the surface of the body develop abnormal changes in DNA. DNA contains instructions for the cells to grow and divide. When the DNA of skin cells is damaged, it causes the cells to divide abnormally and grow uncontrollably. Most of these mutations are caused by ultraviolet rays.
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Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common type of skin cancer. It starts in flat cells that grow on sun-exposed parts of the body, including the mouth, lips, and scalp. People with a fair complexion are more susceptible to developing it. Sores or patches of skin on sun-exposed areas may be a sign of squamous cell cancer.
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If squamous cell skin cancer is spreading or has metastasized, chemotherapy may be recommended. The treatment can shrink the tumor and slow its spread. In addition, chemotherapy may alleviate symptoms. However, it is important to consult your doctor if you see changes in your skin. The American Academy of Dermatology has a fact sheet on the risks of indoor tanning.
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People with SCC should undergo skin self-examinations at least once a year. Taking precautions against exposure to UV light is the best way to prevent SCC from causing more problems than it solves. In the event of a diagnosis, it is best to seek medical treatment right away. A doctor will be able to recommend the best course of treatment. The treatment of squamous cell cancer may include removing the tumor or altering the skin's appearance or structure.
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Squamous cell skin cancer is curable. Treatment depends on the stage, location, and spread of the cancer. Some types of squamous cell skin cancer require surgery or radiation. Patients who have a small squamous cell skin cancer may be able to undergo Mohs micrographic surgery. In this procedure, a layer of healthy skin is removed and the cancer is surgically dissolved. Patients with squamous cell skin cancer may also undergo a treatment called cryosurgery.
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Typically, squamous cell skin cancer presents with a red bump or patch on the skin. These patches may feel rough and scaly, bleed, or develop a crust. In some cases, people with this type of skin cancer may experience a thickening of their lower lip. If you notice any of these changes, it is time to see a dermatologist immediately.
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Squamous cell cancer of the skin is associated with excessive exposure to sunlight. Wear protective clothing and use a sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun's ultraviolet rays. Tanning beds and adult sunburns are also associated with a higher risk of developing squamous cell cancer. In addition to these factors, people with fair skin and blue eyes are at high risk for this type of skin cancer.
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Squamous cell cancer has three main types. Low-risk tumors are less than 10 millimeters in diameter and do not extend beyond the surrounding fat. High-risk tumors spread throughout the body and include the central face, cheeks, neck, and scalp. They may also invade nearby nerves. SCC is also more common in people over 50, though the incidence is increasing in younger people.
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Squamous cell cancer is the second most common form of cancer in the United States. Asymptomatic keratoacanthomas are red, scaly patches that may not spread. In addition to the aforementioned symptoms, keratoacanthomas are also of concern due to their similarity to squamous cell cancer.
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If you notice any of these symptoms, it is important to visit your doctor. He or she will ask you questions about the skin changes and perform a physical examination. A biopsy is often necessary. A small portion of skin is taken for examination, and it will be sent to a lab for analysis. If SCC is detected early, treatment is relatively simple. If you have open sores on your skin, see your doctor.
