A firm lump in the throat or neck may be a sign of parathyroid cancer. Other symptoms include a change in voice, frequent urination, and hoarseness. Parathyroid cancer is a rare disease, but symptoms are often similar to those of other types of cancer. The best way to tell if you have parathyroid cancer is to visit a doctor for a thorough examination.
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Treatment options for parathyroid cancer depend on the type of tumor, the stage of the cancer, potential side effects, and the patient's overall health. To make sure you get the best treatment, you should discuss possible treatment options with your doctor. Discuss treatment goals and side effects with your doctor. You should also practice shared decision-making with your doctor, a process that requires both of you to work together to make the best treatment decisions.
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The first step in treating parathyroid cancer is to determine its stage and location. The cancer may be locally contained in the parathyroid gland or may have spread to adjacent structures in the neck. Localized parathyroid cancer may not spread to other tissues, but metastatic disease has spread to the lungs, lymph nodes, and bone. Most cases of metastatic parathyroid cancer occur in the bones, liver, and lymph nodes.
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A doctor can perform tests to determine the presence of a tumor and its stage, or how much it has spread throughout the body. The doctor will explain the results of the test in terms you can understand. Patients may also experience a range of symptoms, including bone pain, fatigue, depression, and polydipsia. In severe cases, patients may experience muscle weakness and anemia. If you have any of these symptoms, visit your doctor immediately.
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Surgery may be necessary to treat parathyroid cancer. Depending on the stage of the cancer, the surgeon may remove the entire tumor or some of its surrounding tissues. If it has spread to other organs, this type of surgery may include removing the tumor from the throat. Radiation therapy may be used before or after surgery. Radiofrequency ablation is another treatment method that kills cancer cells by lowering the level of PTH in the body.
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Most people with parathyroid cancer survive five years after their diagnosis. Approximately half of them will recur within three years after the initial diagnosis. Fortunately, recurrence is highly treatable, but there are certain risks associated with this form of cancer. Patients may experience high calcium levels in the blood for up to 20 years after surgery. Symptoms of parathyroid cancer may include hypercalcemia, dehydration, infections, and even harm to the kidneys.
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In addition to a physical exam, a doctor will perform a series of tests to diagnose the condition. One test is called a sestamibi scan. This radioactive scan allows a physician to see the tumor and its surrounding structures. If the tumor is cancerous, surgery may be the best option. The treatment for parathyroid cancer depends on the stage of the disease. If the disease is in the early stages, surgery is recommended.
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PDQ is a service provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This organization conducts independent reviews of medical literature and does not make formal recommendations. The PDQ cancer information summary summarizes current information about the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid cancer. It is meant to educate patients, not to provide guidelines. It is best to seek a second opinion from a medical professional when you suspect you may have the disease.
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Another symptom of parathyroid cancer is high levels of calcium in the blood. High calcium levels in the blood can lead to severe problems, so it is important to seek treatment for this condition as soon as possible. For patients suffering from parathyroid cancer, treatment options include bisphosphonates such as pamidronate (Aredia), clodronate (Bonefos), and zolendronic acid.
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In addition to the symptoms mentioned above, a healthcare provider may also order imaging tests to determine the size and location of the tumor. A parathyroid tumor is most often diagnosed after a thorough physical exam and health history. Biopsy is not recommended, and it can be difficult to distinguish from other health conditions. It is also important to remember that the symptoms of parathyroid cancer are not the same as those of other types of cancer.
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Benign parathyroid disease is more common in women than in men. The incidence of parathyroid cancer is similar in the sexes, but the age of diagnosis is typically younger than that of benign PHPT. A diagnosis of parathyroid cancer should be made as soon as possible as early detection improves outcomes. The prognosis for parathyroid cancer depends on the age of the patient, the stage of the disease, and the overall health of the patient.