While the symptoms of Tracheobronchial Tumors are similar to those of other types of lung cancer, they are not the same. A medical professional should be consulted if you are experiencing any of these symptoms. A CT scan can show how large the tumor is, whether the trachea is narrowing, and whether the cancer has spread to surrounding lymph nodes. This can help you determine if the tumor is benign or malignant.
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Papillomas are a rare type of tumor in the bronchial tree and are often benign or malignant. These tumors can narrow the airway lumen and cause atelectasis, air trapping, and post-obstructive infections. While the exact causes of papillomas are unknown, symptoms of Papillomas are often related to the presence of a virus. Symptoms of Papilloma include a cauliflower-like growth on the lining of the airway and an increase in the amount of air that enters the lungs.
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Although tracheobronchial tumors are rare in children, the signs and symptoms are similar to those of other lung cancers. Patients with symptoms of recurrent pneumonia, cough, and atelectasis may be suffering from a tumor in the trachea. Carcinoid tracheobronchial tumors can also cause a wheezing and cough, thought to be related to the release of serotonin. Despite these similarities, tracheobronchial tumors have different symptoms and can occur in both benign and malignant forms.
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In some cases, tumors may block the airway, requiring other treatments to clear it. In most cases, surgery will be necessary, but other methods are often available for patients suffering from tracheobronchial tumors. If the tumor has already spread to other parts of the body, it can be treated using other methods. If the cancer has spread throughout the body, chemotherapy may be the most effective treatment.
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Other symptoms of tracheobronchial tumors include mucosal irritation and ulceration, airway obstruction, and direct invasion of adjacent structures. Distant metastases from these tumors are rare, occurring in less than 10% of patients. Most tracheobronchial SCCs are found in the lower two-thirds of the trachea. Some may appear before or after cancers in the larynx or oropharynx.
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A doctor can determine if your tumor has spread to the trachea through direct invasion or hematogenous metastasis. In the latter case, the tumor is extramural and will be visible on CT. A physician may also perform an endotracheal debridement or use an ultrasound to confirm the tumor's location. Finally, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, and electrocoagulation are other treatment options for tracheal tumors.
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A tracheobronchial tumor may present as a rounded or oval lesion, with or without an intact capsule. The tumor may also be connected to the trachea by a pedicle, and its surface is smooth and hard. While biopsy forceps cannot obtain tumor tissue, bronchoscopic laser cauterization and vaporization are often used to remove it.
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If the tumor is affecting your child's airways, you may undergo treatment. One of these treatments involves surgery. This surgery removes the tumor from the trachea while preserving normal tissue. Surgical treatment options for tracheobronchial tumors include bronchoplasty, hilar lymph node dissection, or a combination of these procedures. If the tumor has spread to the lobar bronchus, the doctor may perform a pneumonectomy.
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Depending on the size and location of the tumor, radiotherapy is often the preferred treatment option. The radiation is focused on the cancer cells, and does little damage to normal tissue. In some cases, radiotherapy may be given to control the symptoms of tracheobronchial tumors, if surgery was unsuccessful. A physician may also prescribe drugs to help the patient deal with the symptoms. These options are not available for every patient, but they may be an option for your child.
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Although there are many different types of tracheal tumors, the most common types are primary malignant tumors that invade and compress the airway. These tumors are rare, but they are common enough to warrant further examination. In fact, 90% of adults are diagnosed with a malignant tracheal tumor at some point in their lives. In some cases, tracheal tumors mimic the symptoms of chronic asthma and are misdiagnosed for adult-onset asthma. Diagnostic clues for tracheobronchial tumors include a slow-growing neoplasm, audible breathing, and a lack of response to bronchodilators.
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In addition to lung cancer, a malignant tracheal tumor may cause pneumonia. In rare cases, the disease may affect both sides of the trachea. If the tumor is entirely blocked, it may result in lung abscess and hoarseness. A tracheobronchial tumor can also cause persistent cough. Further diagnostic tests can help determine whether a tracheal tumor is malignant.
