What Are the Symptoms of Mycosis Fungoides? These conditions are caused by the growth of abnormal T-cells. While these cells are not necessarily cancerous, they are a result of a genetic mutation. When they multiply, they can cause damage to other tissues, including the lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. When the disease has progressed to the tumor stage, the individual is at risk for developing another form of cancer.
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Mycosis fungoides is diagnosed by biopsy of the affected area, and skin biopsies are often required to confirm the diagnosis. Because the disease is often so subtle, several biopsies are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Additional tests, such as blood tests, X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans, are also sometimes performed. Ultimately, the diagnosis depends on your symptoms and the extent of the disease.
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The PDQ (Pediatric Data Quality) service of the National Cancer Institute provides summaries of current information on medical literature. The summaries do not represent the official policy of the NCI. This cancer information summary contains current information on mycosis fungoides, including Sezary syndrome. These summaries are intended to inform patients, and do not offer formal guidelines or recommendations. For more detailed information, visit the NORD website.
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The first phase of the disease typically involves the development of a rash on the affected area. In more advanced cases, the skin becomes covered with pink or red plaques. Ultimately, this rash can become infected. This process can take several months and even years. The first phase is usually mild, but if left untreated, it can progress into a severe case. If left untreated, the condition can lead to a variety of complications, including skin infection.
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In some people, clinical lymphadenopathy may develop as a result of mycosis fungoides. In others, plaques may lead to tumors, but no lymphadenopathy is present. In some cases, cutaneous lymphoma can progress to a stage where the disease is fatal. If this happens, a biopsy is recommended to determine the severity and the cause of the disease.
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Treatment options for mycosis fungoides may include a variety of systemic drugs. Several of these drugs may be used alone or in conjunction with treatments to target the disease on the skin. Among these, photopheresis may be helpful, as it can increase the body's immune system's ability to attack other cancer cells. However, this therapy does have some side effects, including an increased risk of lymphoma.
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Besides its skin appearance, mycosis fungoides is also a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It typically manifests as patches, plaques, and tumours, and often occurs in areas of the body that are protected by clothing. This skin cancer usually affects the face and neck, although it can also occur on other areas. Symptoms can be related to other conditions, such as AIDS, or other diseases.
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Those with a family history of mycosis fungoides should seek medical care immediately. Early diagnosis is crucial to ensuring that you don't have an aggressive form of the disease. While most patients with mycosis fungoides are adults, children have also been diagnosed. Early detection and treatment are vital in avoiding relapses and preventing the development of cancer. When mycosis fungoides is detected early, treatment is highly successful.
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Medications for mycosis fungoides include retinoids, which are vitamin A analogues. These medicines inhibit the growth of tumor cells by regulating gene expression. Renalidomide, for instance, prevents new blood vessels from growing. Another treatment option is the use of RAR agonists (retinoic acid receptor) inhibitors. RAR agonists are approved for treating mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. They block the growth of T-lymphocytes and inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. Lastly, the treatment of this cancer is a combination of several drugs.
